I hate to be "that guy" but they're Dana 70 HD. At least the broken engine end axle tube I just replaced today on my 276. My brother got a few strange looks bringing it home for some reason. Even had one lease checker flag him down to let him know he lost a wheel. Lol.
I'd pull the diff cover (it'll be a tight fit between the banjo and frame) and you will be able to see the spider gears turn when you spin the good side and they won't turn on the bad side.
Like others have said it's probably a broken axle shaft but could be stripped splines on the shaft also.
Touch wood but I've never had an issue with the drop boxes themselves beyond bearings and seals.
Does yours have updated blue axle tubes? Original was 5/8" wall and I think the blue ones are 3/4". You can fit 7/8" wall 4" 4140 pipe in there. Don't ask how I know or what it's like to have one give out with a bale 12' in the air.
How many hours? I like how almost everything is off the shelf. This one has 19k hours of abuse I mean use and just keeps kicking.